The temple of Baidyanath is in a small city called Deoghar. Deoghat is located on 24.03 degree and 24,38 degree north south between 86.28 degree and 87.4 degree east with an area of 952 square miles. The present district of Deoghar was a part of three kingly estates during English period namely Chandel Raj Pariwar Giddhor, Laxmipur Ghatwal and Rohni Ghatwal. Famous traveller Megasthneze visited India in 302 B.C. In the court of Chandragupta of Patliputra (Patna) has described regarding this area in his works. Hiun Siang a famous chinese traveller who visited in the court of Harsa 645 A.D., also has described the rocky area of Rajmahal and human culture adjacent area of Deoghar.

Archeological sources :
According to archeological history in the time of regional area lords of Rampal third "son of Vigrahpal " of Pala dynasty who constructed parts of the temple.

According to archeological survey Bengal circle for 1902-1903, in later Gupta period Aditya Sen Gupta had errected many temples by several inscription (SILALEKH) in which Deoghar and Sahkund have been described.

According to one prominent historian Dr. Radha Krishna Choudhary says great Buddhistacharya of Vikramsila Acharya, Abnoy Shankar Gupta had resided at Deoghar.

In Bateshwar lekh (written material) near ancient Vikramsila University (Bhagalpur district) says about Baidyanath TirthShetra (Pilgrim spot. During this period in the vicinity of Baidyanath temple, Buddhist dominance was prevalent.

During fabulous regime of Pala dynasty enriched history of Deoghar was described in (BIHAR District Gazeteer 1938 Edition).

Besides this main temple of Shiva there are other centres of attraction as follows :

Ram Kriahna Mission Vidyapeth, established in 1922, is a great centre of education and sadhana.

In 1928 'Hindi Vidyapeth' , was established, a famous centre of Hindi.

'SATSUNG' belongs to Thakur Anukul Chandra. A centre of trust of BENGALIS.

'NAVLAKHA TEMPLE' of Balanand Brahamchari Ashram, a fine architectural monument for religious purposes.

'NAVDURGA' South of Baidyanath worshippers of SHAKTI visit there.

'TAPOVAN' A military camp of ancient ruler Pala dynasty. Presently a tourist centre.

'TRIKUT MOUNTAIN' East of the Lord Shiva temple, natures open beauty and esoteric religious practices are practised.

'HARLAZORI' It is konwn as 'Haritika van' where from worshipping matters were collected. There is one temple of Lord Shiva which cannot be over looked from historical point of view. It is said that genesis of this place is related with RAVAN.